Journal of Architectural Design (JAD) is an Open Access, Peer Reviewed, International, Refereed, Scientific Journal that publishes original research and review articles related to diverse areas of Architectural design, Allied Design, Architectural detailing, Building Material and Construction , Environmental Studies, Structural design etc. The main objective of Journal of Architectural Design (JAD) is to offer an intellectual platform to the international scholars and it aims to promote interdisciplinary studies in Architectural design. All manuscripts must be prepared in English language and subject to a rigorous peer-review process. ISSN (E): 2795-7608 Journal Impact Factor: 7.985
Territorial And Social Factors Influencing The Historical Formation And Development Of Urbanization Processes In Uzbekistan
This article analyzes the historical stages of the formation of urbanization processes in the territory of Uzbekistan and their impact on urban development. Beginning with the emergence of ancient cities, the processes of urbanization during the medieval period, the era of industrialization, and the post-independence period are examined on a scientific basis. The research findings reveal that urbanization processes have developed in close connection with historical, economic, and transport factors, and substantiate the significant importance of historical experience in shaping modern urban planning policy
Copyright (c) 2026 https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc/4.0
Experimental And Numerical Studies Of Structural Behavior Of Segmental Arch Beam
This investigation aims to study the structural behavior of reinforced concrete arches. To achieve this aim; the experimental and numerical analyses were conducted. Five reinforced concrete arches prepared in the lab and tested under static loading at midspan of the arches. The cross-section of these arches was T-section. The parametric studies were also accomplished to emulate the influence of differences in segmental configuration, number of segments and the types of the joints on the real structural response of reinforced concrete arches. Also, the numerical analysis was carried out by using a commercial finite element program that is ANSYS v.18.2. The numerical results compared with the experimental measurements. It is found that the peak percentage difference between numerical and experimental results not greater than 16%, and hence, good agreement achieved between them. The main results of this investigation that is the segmental configuration of concrete has active effects on the strength capacity of the reinforced concrete arch and on the deflection. Additionally, the ultimate load of the arches that are consist of the joints decreased by 23% to 57% compared with the reference arch.
Building Sustainability according to Integral Theory and the Quadrant Analysis-Case study: Baghdad Municipality Building as an example
The research examines the extent to which a building incorporates sustainability principles, by applying an integral theory. The research problem lies in the lack of clarity regarding the application of sustainability concepts in building design, within the framework of the proportional relationship between the building and nature. This resulted in buildings that are not compatible with nature and negatively impact the environment and climate. The research aims to study and analyze the building according to the integral theory and apply its four quadrants to the building, and to come up with indicators that determine the building's adoption of the sustainability initiative. The research process begins by examining the global trend towards sustainability, focusing on the impact of architecture on the environmental balance, and the resulting climate change, global warming, and negative effects on the environment. Then, the discussion moves on to the concept of unsustainable architecture, its depletion of resources and energy, and its negative impact on human health and well-being. Subsequently, the integral theory was applied on an administrative building in the capital city of Baghdad as an example, to determine how well the building actually implements the four quadrants of the theory in practice, and to come up with a final indicator of the building's level of sustainability
Copyright (c) 2025 https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc/4.0
Preliminary design work for the construction of university campuses
This article is devoted to the importance of pre-design work in the construction of university campuses. It examines the key stages of preparation that ensure the successful implementation of the project and the creation of a comfortable environment for learning and research. The main focus is on analyzing the needs of students and teachers, monitoring the territory, environmental assessment, general planning, infrastructure and architecture design, as well as social and cultural research. The importance of community engagement and financial resource assessment is emphasized to ensure the sustainable development and effectiveness of the campus. The article summarizes the importance of a systematic approach to pre-design work as the basis for creating a functional and harmonious educational space.
"Traditional Architecture of Uzbekistan: Passive Solar Heating and Climate Adaptation"
Already at the early stages of the development of human society, architecture was closely connected with the climate and natural environment. Man was forced to solve construction problems put forward by climatic conditions at the site of the construction of structures. For example, Vitruvius (I century BC) in his work "Ten Books on Architecture" wrote that buildings in their style, obviously, should be different in their style, in Egypt and Spain, in Pontus and Rome and in countries and regions differing in characteristic features. For one part of the earth lies directly under the sun, another is far from it, and a third is exposed to it at a moderate distance
Linguistic Aspects In Interlingual Speech Activities
This article examines the theoretical part of translation linguistics, which is the linguistic theory of translation. In recent years, among numerous complex problems, the issue of using new information technologies in lessons has been increasingly raised
The Design Thinking in Architectural Project-Applied Research on Urban Design Projects
The research attempts to reveal the design thinking that goes on in the designer's mind when he tries to allocate a specific activity inside the architectural project. The research views designing as an explicable process even if the beginner or the professional designers couldn't give convincing reasons for all the decisions they make. The designer is a person who works on the data given to him and produces his design idea through a planned succession of structural analyzing and evaluative steps until he reaches the best possible solutions. Accordingly, the research hypothesizes that activity inside the Architectural project depends on a great extent of design idea development in the designer's mind. The purpose ofthe studywas toreachthe bestdesignmethodfor activity inside the Architectural project through design strategies.
Artistic Creativity In The Architectural Environment: Exploring The Role Of Art In Spatial Design
This article explores the role of artistic creativity in the architectural environment, emphasizing the significance of practitioner-educators in shaping architectural spaces. It examines the impact of creative methodologies on fostering students' heuristic thinking and unlocking their potential in architectural design. The study highlights the importance of engaging students in collaborative work, collective project development, and participation in competitive environments. Additionally, it discusses how such activities contribute to the cultivation of professional interests, the enhancement of design skills, and the understanding of competition within the architectural field.
Application Of Artificial Intelligence In Building Design
The integration of Artificial Intelligence (AI) in building design is revolutionizing the architectural industry by introducing innovative solutions to complex challenges. This article explores the application of AI in architectural processes, highlighting its ability to enhance efficiency, accuracy, and sustainability. Key methods include a review of AIdriven design tools, case studies, and an analysis of their impact on project outcomes. Findings reveal that AI significantly improves design iteration speed, optimizes resource utilization, and facilitates data-driven decision-making. Despite its potential, challenges such as high implementation costs and dependency on quality data remain barriers. The article concludes with recommendations for adopting AI technologies in architectural practices and discusses future prospects for integrating AI with emerging technologies like IoT and Virtual Reality. This study underscores AI's transformative role in shaping the future of building design
Copyright (c) 2024 https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc/4.0
Types Of Practical Graphics And Its Place In The System Of Continuous Education
In computer graphics, computers are used as a means of creating images, as well as for processing visual data obtained in one way or another and stored on a computer. Types of applied graphics and its place in the continuing education system, including the purpose and tasks of applied graphics.
Principles Of Forming Public Centers On Tourist Routes
The formation of tourist centers plays a key role in the development of tourist infrastructure and increasing the attractiveness of historical cities. They ensure not only the preservation of cultural heritage, but also the creation of a modern, comfortable and sustainable space attractive to a wide range of tourists, which contributes to the sustainable development of tourism and the city as a whole.
The Significance Of Preserving The Historical Architectural Legacy Of Uzbekistan
The preservation of Uzbekistan's architectural heritage, particularly the unique style of Uzbek eclecticism, can be achieved through the use of 3D printing technology as an effective restoration tool. 3D printing allows for the restoration of lost decorative elements and complex architectural features with high precision, resulting in cost savings. Recent developments in 3D technology and materials offer new opportunities for developing environmentally friendly solutions that are adapted to the climate of Central Asia. The scientific value of this research lies in evaluating the potential and challenges of innovative techniques, contributing to the development of methods for preserving cultural heritage and applying them in architectural restoration projects.
Automotive Breakthroughs: Navigating Towards A Sustainable Future
Automotive engineering is at the forefront of driving advances in technological innovation, vehicle design, propulsion systems, safety features, and sustainability initiatives. This research paper explores the dynamic landscape of the automotive industry, highlighting key developments in electric vehicles, autonomous driving technologies, lightweight materials and environmentally friendly power plants. By examining current trends and future prospects in the field, this study highlights the critical role of the automotive industry in shaping the future of transportation into a more sustainable and efficient paradigm
Improving primary education, the vital role of pedagogical technologies
In the modern educational environment, the integration of pedagogical technologies has emerged as a transformative force in improving the effectiveness of primary education. This article argues that pedagogical technologies play an important role in developing engaging, personalized, and interactive learning experiences for young learners. By exploring the benefits and challenges associated with technology integration in primary education, this paper seeks to highlight the importance of using these tools to create a dynamic and inclusive learning environment that meets the diverse needs of students.
Utilization of CO2 for production of aromatics via ZnO/ZrO2-ZSM-5 tandem catalyst.
CO2 Hydrogenation to Aromatics Tandem Catalyst Methanol Synthesis in Oxides AreneBased Cyclization Over the past decades, great progress has been made in CO2 hydrogenation to a variety of C1 chemicals, lower olefins, and gasoline. However, due to the extreme inertness and high aromatization barrier of CO2, the synthesis of aromatics from one-shot CO2 hydrogenation is still a major challenge. Here, we present a tandem catalyst consisting of ZnO/ZrO2 and ZSM-5 zeolite for one-shot conversion of CO2 to aromatics with 70% selectivity, and the selectivity of incoming methane is suppressed to below 1%. The path of CO2 → CH3OH → aromatics over the tandem catalyst was demonstrated.
The Use Of Effective Soundproofing Materials In Modern Building Construction
In Nowadays, life in a modern city is filled with noise, people's lives are saturated with a huge number of sounds from public transport, cars, and in homes - from the noise of air conditioners, elevators, etc. The constant presence of noise over 60 dB (decibels) is irreversible and leads to damage to people's hearing organs. To reduce noise and improve sound insulation, it is necessary to use soundproofing materials and structures
The Aesthetic Necessity Of "Design Codes" In The Use Of Cultural Heritage Objects
The paper considers the review of some architectural objects of the old town part of Samarkand formed by the end of the XIV-th first half of the XV-th countries. The destruction of the domes and minarets led to the disappearance of these unique architectural qualities of the Ulugbek madrasah. Additional studies, undertaken in connection with the planned restoration revealed a number of data on the history of the construction of the madrasah, helped to understand some features of its architecture, to establish the initial purpose of separate premises. We made a thorough examination of the entrance opening in the western wall of the aivan, which gave every reason to support the opinion of the previous researchers. The opening is distorted in shape, it is located not exactly along the axis, it is not coordinated with the composition of the framing facing it. In the development of the design-code of the historical regions of Bukhara, the analysis of the architectural style of the city and the national elements of the building facades are discussed. The state of the hotel business and its construction processes, the processes of combining national style and modernity in hotels, and the formation of the new "Bukhara style" are discussed. In addition, there is information about the research to identify local materials in the development of city design code rules.
Ecological And Educational Function Of Expositional Parks
This article delves into the multifaceted role and importance of parks as essential green spaces that offer substantial environmental and social benefits. Parks are highlighted as vital areas for recreational activities, providing a natural retreat within urban settings, and as educational resources, fostering environmental awareness and learning. The study underscores how parks contribute to the well-being of urban populations by offering spaces for physical activities, relaxation, and social interaction. Moreover, in many countries, prominent parks are integral to the cultural life of cities, hosting events, and festivals that enrich the community's cultural experience. These green spaces are instrumental in shaping eco-friendly urban environments, promoting biodiversity, and mitigating urban heat island effects. Furthermore, parks are shown to have significant economic implications, enhancing property values, attracting tourism, and stimulating local economies. The article concludes by asserting that the strategic development and maintenance of parks are key to fostering sustainable urban growth and improving the overall quality of life in cities
Analysis Of The Environmental Condition Of Areas Of High Technogenic Danger In Southwestern Uzbekistan.
In the article, the environmental condition of the areas with a high man-made risk, the study of their negative impact on the land, and the tasks carried out on them are noted.
Architectural Decorations And Ornaments Of Central Asia
This article delves into the rich and intricate history of architectural decorations and ornaments in Central Asia, tracing their evolution from ancient times to the present day. Central Asian architecture is renowned for its elaborate and symbolic ornamentation, which reflects the region's diverse cultural and historical influences. The article provides a comprehensive analysis of the development of these ornaments, detailing the stages of their evolution and the underlying symbolism that has shaped their designs. Through an exploration of various architectural styles and notable examples, the article highlights the unique characteristics and significance of Central Asian ornamentation. Readers will gain insights into the techniques, materials, and artistic traditions that have contributed to the region's distinctive architectural heritage. By uncovering the stories behind these intricate decorations, the article aims to deepen the appreciation of Central Asian architectural art and its enduring legacy.
Analysis Of The Technical Condition Of The Historical Monument Model Creation And Calculation And Based On Computer Program
Currently, issues related to preservation and repair of historical monuments are considered important in our country. This article provides a priority analysis on this topic. Thousands of monuments and monuments have appeared in our country. Much attention is paid to their maintenance and repair, as well as to the processes of repairing and creating objects. In the article, the topic "Study of the technical condition of the Somonii mausoleum and creation of a model on the basis of computer software, testing of its static and dynamic loads and evaluation of its technical condition" is considered as a priority. 3D models of the mausoleum were created and its effects on dynamic and static loads were analyzed in a computer program. At the same time, information technologies are important in studying the stress-deformation state of the architectural monument, applying dynamic and static loads to them and analyzing their results, and the research in this direction is widely seen in the article. . The scientists who have found their place have expressed their opinions about the bricks and mixes of the architectural monument, their mechanical and durability indicators. On the subject of this article, studies have been carried out due to the fact that scientific and research works aimed at protecting historical architectural monuments and revealing them to new generations are very important in our country
The details are taken from the points of the network. The location and working area of the upper and lower limits of the level in Syomka, drainage devices, cutting trenches, underground pits intended for blasting, geological disturbances, sampling sites in geological prospecting pits, transport routes and tracks, etc. The location of buildings, buildings, etc. is determined.
An Improved Integrated Approach To Improving The Efficiency Of Energy Management Of Residential Buildings.
This article brings information about an improved comprehensive approach to improving the efficiency of energy management of residential buildings, a comprehensive approach to improving the energy efficiency of buildings, methods for assessing the effectiveness of energy-saving solutions
The formation of irrigation systems of the city of Samarkand and their importance in creating microclimate conditions for tourist routes
This article describes the historically formed irrigation systems of Samarkand and their role in today's tourist route, as well as recommendations for attracting tourists to ditches, canals and ponds.
The effect of limestone on the heat resistivity of high-strength lightweight foamed concrete
Lightweight foamed concrete (LWFC) is typically a cementitious substance that includes a minimum of 20% (by volume) of mechanically restricted foam within the mortar blend. It has a higher pore content than conventional concrete. fifteen concrete mixtures were studied in this thesis. The first section included a reference mixture of cement, sand, water, fly ash, superplasticizer, and foaming agent in different proportions between (1-5) liter/m3 to obtain different densities ranging from (1520 - 1820). kg/m3 A compressive strength of 19.8 MPa has been obtained at 1680 kg/m3 density. The second section consists of a foaming agent of 3 liters/m3 with the reference mixture and limestone in proportions (10%-30%) replaced by sand. The specimens were cured with water. The third section consisted of the same components as the mixtures of the second section, but the specimens were cured with air. The Specimens were exposed to a temperature of 400 C° for six hours in an electric oven. The compressive strength of the reference mixture decreased after being exposed to a temperature of 400 C° by (10%-13%). As for the mixtures of the second part, the compressive strength of the samples increased by (2.5-3.5) after exposing them to a temperature of 400 C° for six hours. As for the mixtures of the third part, the compressive strength of the specimens increased by (5%-6%) after exposing them to a temperature of 400 C°.
Industrial Design And Design Education Foreign Practice
The article examines the global trends in the preparation of bachelors of design in the foreign practice of education in the field of industrial design and interior design, features of the development of effective ideas and concepts in the field of professional design education
Tropical Kitchen Construction: Assessing The Prospects and Challenges
Tropical kitchen is a culinary space that draws inspiration from tropical regions, incorporating flavors, ingredients, and design elements associated with tropical climates. The study assessed tropical kitchen construction: assessing the prospects and challenges. Constructing kitchens in tropical regions requires specific considerations due to the unique climatic challenges posed by high temperatures and humidity. The selection of appropriate building materials is a fundamental aspect of tropical kitchen construction. Locally sourced, weather-resistant materials such as hardwoods, bamboo, and treated tropical hardwoods are recommended for their ability to withstand the adverse effects of high humidity and heat. Revealed in this study one significant challenge faced by tropical kitchens is the high humidity prevalent in tropical regions. The moisture in the air can lead to issues such as mold growth, wood rot, and damage to appliances. On this basis the study concluded that while opportunities for sustainable practices and cultural integration exist, the complexities of high humidity, extreme weather events, and diverse cultural preferences demand innovative solutions. Integrating eco-friendly materials, resilient design, and community engagement emerges as essential for creating kitchens that are not only structurally sound but also culturally sensitive. One of the recommendations made was that architect should ensure that they prioritize climateresponsive design elements such as natural ventilation, shading, and insulation to mitigate the impact of high temperatures and humidity on kitchen structures.
Copyright (c) 2023 https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-nd/4.0
Garden of Saihoji temple built during the Muromachi period
The article analyzes the development of traditional Japanese garden art during the Muromachi period using the example of one of the best Japanese traditional gardens - Saihoji Temple. The influence of Zen Buddhism on the nature, character and composition of the Saihoji Temple Garden is analyzed.
Experimental Research Program For Determining The Strength Of A Fibroconcrete Column
In the article, a program of conducting special experiments to determine the deformability and strength of the elements of the column made of fiber concrete was created. Based on the developed program, special experiments were conducted to determine the deformability and strength of the elements. The theoretical and practical results were compared.
The article analyzes the development of traditional Japanese garden art during the Muromachi period using the example of one of the best Japanese traditional gardens - Saihoji Temple. The influence of Zen Buddhism on the nature, character and composition of the Saihoji Temple Garden is analyzed